Public Records in Washington

Washington's Public Records Act, passed by voter initiative in 1972, provides one of the strongest frameworks for public records access in the United States. The PRA was enacted as Initiative 276, reflecting the will of Washington voters for transparent government. The law declares that public records are available for all persons to inspect and copy and that free and open access to public records is a fundamental right of every person. Washington courts have consistently interpreted the PRA in favor of the broadest possible disclosure, and the law includes strong penalties for agencies that withhold records improperly.

To request records under the PRA, submit a request to the relevant state or local agency. While not required, written requests are recommended. Agencies must respond within five business days by either providing records, providing an estimate of time needed, or denying the request. Washington law provides for per-day penalties of up to $100 for agencies that improperly withhold records. Washington counties maintain property records through auditor and assessor offices, and the Washington Courts provide online case searches through their statewide system.

Online Access

Washington courts provide access through the Administrative Office of the Courts website. The Secretary of State offers online business and corporation searches. County assessor offices maintain online property records.

While the Washington Public Records Act (PRA) establishes a strong presumption that government records are open to public inspection, certain categories of information are exempt from disclosure. Understanding these exemptions is important when submitting records requests in Washington.

• Information that would violate personal privacy rights if disclosed
• Specific intelligence information compiled by investigative or law enforcement agencies
• Records relevant to active controversy in which the agency is a party
• Trade secrets submitted to government agencies
• Taxpayer financial information
• Real estate appraisals for public acquisition purposes

If you believe records have been improperly withheld, Washington provides avenues for appeal. Contact the relevant oversight body or consult our guide to filing public records requests for tips on handling denials.

Washington's Public Records Act is codified in Revised Code of Washington Chapter 42.56. The law was enacted by voter initiative (I-276) in 1972, one of the first times voters directly created a public records law. The PRA includes a mandatory penalty provision of $5 to $100 per day for records improperly withheld, providing a powerful deterrent against noncompliance. The law was modified in 2017 to extend the response deadline from the same day to five business days.